Cloning

What is cloning?Cloning is the process of making an identical copy of something. In biology, it collectively refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments (molecular cloning), cells (cell cloning), or organisms. It also include organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.Molecular cloning refers to the procedure of isolating a defined DNA sequence and obtaining multiple copies of it. Cloning a cell means to derive a population of cells from a single cell. In the case of unicellular organisms such as bacteria and yeast, this process is remarkably simple and essentially only requires the inoculation of the appropriate medium. However, in the case of cell cultures from multi-cellular organisms, cell cloning is an arduous task as these cells will not readily grow in standard media.Organism cloning refers to the procedure of creating a new multi-cellular organism, genetically identical to another. In essence this form of cloning is an asexual method of reproduction, where fertilization or inter-gamete contact does not take place.Dolly,the first mammal that success clon from adult cell.Dolly was well-known as the result showed that the genetic material from a specific adult cell, programmed to express only a distinct subset of its genes, could be reprogrammed to grow an entire new organism.Before this,there is no proof that it will success.

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